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1.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 117: e210304, 2022. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1386358

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Trypanosoma cruzi crosses the placental barrier and produces the congenital transmission of Chagas disease (CD). Structural alterations of the chorionic villi by this parasite have been described in vitro, but little is known about trophoblast turnover in placentas from women with CD. OBJECTIVE To analyze the proliferation and fusion processes in placentas from women with CD. METHODS Archived human term placenta paraffin-embedded blocks were used, from women with CD (CDP), and no pathology (NP). Immunohistochemistry tests were performed for Ki67 to calculate the proliferation index (PI) of cytotrophoblast (CTB) and Syncytin-1, a fusion marker of syncytiotrophoblast (STB). Hematoxylin/Eosin stained sections were employed to analyze STB percentages, STB detachment areas and syncytial knots quantity. Non parametric Student's t-tests were performed (p < 0.05). RESULTS Syncytial knots and STB detachment significantly increased in placental villi from the CDP group. STB percentage was significantly lower in the CDP group as well as the PI and Syncytin-1 expression significantly decreased in these placentas, compared with control (NP). CONCLUSION Dynamic of trophoblast turnover is altered in placentas from women with CD. These changes may lead into a gap in the placental barrier possibly allowing the parasite entry into the chorionic villi.

2.
Cir. parag ; 38(1): 24-27, jun. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-972556

ABSTRACT

La Poliposis Adenomatosa Familiar (PAF) es una enfermedad hereditaria autosómica dominante, se caracteriza por el desarrollo de pólipos adenomatosos en el intestino grueso (más de 100), que invariablemente evolucionan al cáncer. Los pólipos aparecen a partir de la pubertad y el cáncer sobreviene antes de los 50 años, por tanto requieren diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento inmediato. La proctocolectomía total es el tratamiento de elección. Se presentan una serie de seis casos atendidos desde febrero de 2012 a julio del 2013.


Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease, characterized by the development of adenomatous polyps in the large intestine (over 100), which invariably evolving cancer. Polyps appear after puberty and cancer occurs before age 50, thus requiring early diagnosis and immediate treatment. Total proctocolectomy is the treatment of choice. A series of six cases treated from February 2012 to July 2013 are presented.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/diagnosis , Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/surgery , Colectomy , Genetic Diseases, Inborn
3.
Cir. parag ; 36(2): 25-27, dic. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: lil-665332

ABSTRACT

El vólvulo del ciego es una condición clínica infrecuentey representa solamente el 2 a 3% de los casos de oclusión intestinalen el adulto. Los pacientes con esta entidad usualmentepresentan un cuadro clínico de dolor abdominal intermitente,vómitos y no expulsión de heces por el recto. Se muestra el casoclínico de una paciente intervenida quirúrgicamente por un síndromeoclusivo, donde se comprobó un vólvulo del ciego concompromiso vascular. El objetivo de este reporte es describir lascaracterísticas clínicas de la enfermedad, discutir las causas, asícomo las estrategias de tratamiento ante esta difícil situación.


Subject(s)
General Surgery , Abdominal Pain
4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 103(4): 370-374, June 2008. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-486866

ABSTRACT

In our laboratory, we have developed a model of vaccination in mice with Trypanosoma rangeli, a non-pathogenic parasite that shares many antigens with Trypanosoma cruzi. The vaccinated mice were protected against infection with virulent T. cruzi. The goal of the present work was to study the protective activity of strains of T. rangeli of different origin, with the aim of analysing whether this protective capacity is a common feature of T. rangeli. BALB/c mice were vaccinated with live or fixed epimastigotes of two T. rangeli strains, Choachi and SC-58. Vaccinated (VM) and control mice (CM) were infected with virulent T. cruzi, Tulahuen strain. The results showed that the levels of parasitemia of VM, vaccinated with the two strains of T. rangeli were significantly lower than those developed in CM. The survival rate of VM was higher than that CM. Histological studies revealed many amastigote nests and severe inflammatory infiltrates in the heart and skeletal muscles of CM, whereas in the VM only moderate lymphomonocytic infiltrates were detected. Altogether, the results of the present work as well as previous studies show that the antigens involved in the protection induced by T. rangeli are expressed in different strains of this parasite. These findings could prove useful in vaccine preparation.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Parasitemia/immunology , Protozoan Vaccines/immunology , Trypanosoma/immunology , Trypanosomiasis/prevention & control , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Time Factors , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunology , Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity , Trypanosoma/pathogenicity , Trypanosomiasis/immunology
5.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 19(1): 37-41, mar. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-574123

ABSTRACT

El prolapso rectal es la protrusión circunferencial de todo el espesor de las paredes del recto a través del esfínter anal. Cuando es irreductible y con estados de comorbilidad significativos asociados se plantea la opción del abordaje perineal al abdominal. Una serie de 6 pacientes a los que se le practicó una rectosigmoidectomia perineal, en el contexto de taras clínicas importantes indica que este abordaje es válido para solucionar quirúrgicamente el prolapso con una tasa de morbilidad y mortalidad bajas.


The rectal prolapse is the circumferential protrusion of the entire thickness of the rectal wall through the anal sphincter. When it is irreductible and with significant morbidity an option of the perineal approach is preferred over the abdominal approach. A series of six patients who have undergone perineal rectosigmoidectomy, in situations of major clinical conditions, indicates that this approach is valid to resolve surgically the prolapse, with a low morbidity and mortality outcome.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Rectal Prolapse/surgery , Rectal Prolapse/complications , Rectum/surgery , Colon, Sigmoid/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Fecal Incontinence/surgery , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods
6.
Rev. patol. trop ; 32(2): 223-234, jul.-dez. 2003. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-363190

ABSTRACT

Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli share geographical areas, vectors and hosts. Although both parasites are antigenically similar, T. rangeli is not pathogenic for humans. In consequence, T. rangeli have been experimentally employed as immunogen to protect against T. cruzi infection. The aim of this work was to analyze the evolution of T. cruzi infection in mice previously vaccinated with live epimastigotes of T. rangeli obtained from cultures, and to measure TNF-alfa, IL12 and IL-18 productions. The evolution of the T. cruzi (Tulahuen strain) infection was evaluated by parasitemia levels, survival of Balb/c mice, tissue lesions and/or the presence of parasites. Cytokine levels were measured by an immuno-enzyme assay technique. The mice that were not vaccinated, died in the acute stage of infection with high parasitemias, nests of amastigotes and inflamatory foci in heart and skeletal muscle tissues, associated with high TNF-alfa levels. On the order hand, mice that were previously infected with T. rangeli, survived the acute stage of T. cruzi infection with low TNF-alfa level and high IL-18 level. In conclusion, this work describes a new model of immunization with T. rangeli associated with resistance to T. cruzi infection with modulation of proinflammatory TNF-alfa and increased IL-18 serum level.


Subject(s)
Animals , Trypanosoma cruzi , Cytokines , Chagas Disease , Vaccination
7.
Cir. Urug ; 69(1/2): 99-102, ene.-jun. 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-338487

ABSTRACT

La videolaparoscopía (VL) se está convirtiendo en el nuevo método de abordaje para el cirujano colorrectal y general por las ventajas que presenta en el posoperatorio. Se presenta en este trabajo el resultado de la primera colectomía derecha asistida por VL en la Primera Cátedra de Clínica Quirúrgica del Hospital de Clínicas, Asunción, Paraguay; y se valoran las publicaciones hechas. Ingresó una paciente de 66 años, con el diagnóstico de adenoma velloso del colon derecho. Se realizó la colectomía derecha por VL, seguida de una laparotomía mediana supra-trans e infraumbilical (10 cm de longitud); y anastomosis manual ileotransversa. Tiempo operatorio: cinco horas. Presentó transito intestinal a las 36 horas; dieta por vía oral a las 48 horas; el requerimiento de analgésicos en forma similar a la cirugía convencional, alta al cuarto día del posoperatorio. La anatomía patológica confirmó el diagnóstico. La factibilidad de este método no justifica plenamente su aplicación, y es fundamental una valoración estricta para definir su rol en la enfermedad maligna


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Colectomy , Laparoscopy
8.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 57(1): 59-63, ene.-feb. 1997. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-199732

ABSTRACT

Promethazine is currently used for its antipsychotic and ansiolytic effects. It is a phenothiazine with anticalmodulin action, not toxic for human beings at therapeutic dosis. The present results show that promethazine has trypanocidal effect on both epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi; two hundred muM inhibited epimastigote growth in culture medium and 2 muM immobilized and killed bloodstream trypomastigotes. When promethazine (55 mg/Kg/day) was used as treatment of T. cruzi infected mice, it proved effective in reducing parasitemia and it increased the survival of treated animals. Ultrastructural studies suggest that the lethal effect of this phenothiazine is related to a detergent effect that disrupts T. cruzi cell membrane.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Promethazine/pharmacology , Trypanosoma cruzi/drug effects , Trypanosoma cruzi/ultrastructure , Chagas Disease/drug therapy , Microscopy, Electron , Promethazine/therapeutic use , Rats, Inbred Strains
9.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Córdoba) ; 55(1/2): 5-8, 1997. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-231895

ABSTRACT

The Kinetic properties of plasma placental alkaline phosphatase patients with Chagas' disease were studied. When Cl2 Mg was used as activator the same increase of activity (17-20 per cent) was found in the chagasic and non chagasic groups. The enzyme was not inhibited by F-ion in any of the groups. No significant differences were detected between the two groups (chagasic and non chagasic) when the enzyme was treated with inhibitors such as EDTA and L-phenylamine. However, when the CN- ion was used, the enzyme of the normal pregnant women followed a Michaelian curve, whereas in the chagasic group a sigmoideal plot was observed. Thus, the Hill coefficient was 1.1 for the normal group and over 1.5 for the chagasic.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Alkaline Phosphatase/blood , Chagas Disease/enzymology , Edetic Acid , Placenta/enzymology , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/enzymology , Alkaline Phosphatase/drug effects , Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism , Chagas Disease/blood , Edetic Acid , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Enzyme Reactivators/pharmacology , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/blood , Pregnancy Trimester, Third
10.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Córdoba) ; 53(1): 11-5, 1995. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-159736

ABSTRACT

Diversos autores han demostrado que los vasos sanguíneos coronarios pueden tener alguna participación en la patogenia de las alteraciones cardíacas en la enfermedad de Chagas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue detectar alteraciones estructurales y citoquímicas en vasos sanguíneos de placentas humanas a término mediante microscopía óptica y electrónica, considerando la posibilidad de su participación en la patogenia del pasaje transplacentario del agente causal del Chagas. En dos de seis placentas chagásicas provenientes de embarazadas a término con serologías positivas para enfermedad de Chagas, se halló estrechamiento u oclusión de vasos fetales de las vellosidades coriales con aspecto hialinizado de sus paredes mediante microscopía óptica y actividad de fosfatasa ácida aumentada en el endotelio vascular mediante ultracitoquímica. El estrechamiento de la luz vascular mediante ultracitoquímica. El estrechamiento de la luz vascular podría deberse a la participación del músculo liso y del endotelio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Chorionic Villi/ultrastructure , Chagas Disease/pathology , Placenta/ultrastructure , Chagas Disease/metabolism , Endothelium/ultrastructure , Histocytochemistry , Keratins , Blood Vessels/ultrastructure
11.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Córdoba) ; 52(1): 7-12, 1994. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-144485

ABSTRACT

Con el objetivo de analizar la interacción de placentas humanas normales con el Trypanosoma cruzi, se estudió mediante el microscopio óptico y electrónico el estroma de vellosidades coreales cocultivadas in vitro con 1,5 x 106 formas tripomastigotes de la cepa Tulahuen del Trypanosoma cruzi durantre 1h, 3hs y 12hs, en medio mínimo esencial de Eagle bajo condiciones adecuadas. Se observó en los cultivos experimentales (con T. cruzi) una aglutinación de las muestras placentarias que fue más evidente a partir de los 60 min y que resistió la separación mediante agitación suave. En el estroma de las vellosidades coriales se apreció separación de sus estructuras, edema vellositario y aumento de las células de Hofbauer de acuerdo a los análisis cuantitativos realizados. La aglutinación de las vellosidades puede deberse a modificaciones de los componentes glucoproteicos del trofoblasto por acción de productos secretados por el parásito, como ya ha sido señalado por otros autores en diversos tipos celulares. El aumento de las células de Hofbauer podría representar un mecanismo regulador de la placenta para equilibrar el nivel de agua del estroma vellositario


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Rats , Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Chagas Disease/congenital , In Vitro Techniques , Placenta/pathology , Trypanosoma cruzi/ultrastructure , Chorionic Villi/pathology , Chorionic Villi/ultrastructure , Culture Media , Microscopy, Electron , Microscopy, Phase-Contrast , Placenta/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification
12.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Córdoba) ; 49(1): 23-5, 1991. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-109304

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar la presencia de lisosomas en el sinciciotrofoblasto de placentas humanas a término cultivadas y no cultivadas. Se realizó el estudio ultraestructural y ultracitoquímico para fosfatasa ácida mediante dos técnicas que emplean distintos sustratos y análisis morfométricos en 7 placentas humanas normales a término. Dos de ellas se mantuvieron previamente en cultivos de tejido durante 48 h. El estudio reveló la presencia de escasos cuerpos densos lisosomales con localizaciones supranucleares en relación con vacuolas de endocitosis y principalmente en regiones adelgazadas del sinciciotrofoblasto. La población lisosomal representó un 2,8% a 4,0% de la superficie sincicial. De acuerdo a los resultados, se sugiere que los lisosomas de placentas humanas e términos participarían en el intercambio materno fetal


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Lysosomes/ultrastructure , Trophoblasts/ultrastructure , Acid Phosphatase/ultrastructure , Maternal-Fetal Exchange
13.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 32(6): 403-8, nov.-dez. 1990. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-103058

ABSTRACT

Vilos placentários a termo foram mantidos "in vitro" em interaçäo com formas tripomastigotas sangüíneas de Trypanosoma cruzi, durante diversos períodos de tempo. Foram utilizadas concentraçöes diferentes de parasitas. Os controles näo continham T. cruzi. Determinou-se a atividade de fosfatase alcalina em vilos placentários mediante microscopia eletrônica e sua atividade específica no meio de cultura, mediante métodos bioquímicos. Os resultados mostraram que o hemoflagelado produz uma diminuiçäo significante da atividade enzimática tanto pelos estudos ultracitoquímicos como de atividade específica e esta atividade de fosfatase alcalina foi menor em culturas com altas doses de parasitas. Estes resultados säo indicadores de que a reduçäo de atividade enzimática coincide com o tempo de penetraçäo e proliferaçäo do T. cruzi nas células. Estas mudanças podem representar uma interaçäo entre o trofoblasto humano e o T. cruzi


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism , Chorionic Villi/ultrastructure , Trypanosoma cruzi/physiology , Cell Membrane/parasitology , Culture Media , Trypanosoma cruzi/enzymology
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